A basic definition of hearing impairment is the inability to hear sounds that are within the normal human hearing range. A definition of deafness would be the complete inability to hear sound. Some definitions of hearing impairment include that hearing loss can occur in one or both ears. Hearing loss in one ear is unilateral hearing loss. If hearing loss affects both ears, it is called bilateral hearing loss.

A definition of hearing impairment may mention that hearing loss is conductive, sensorineural, or mixed. Conductive hearing loss is a hearing impairment due to something blocking the passage of sound from the outer ear to the inner ear. Sensorineural hearing loss is caused by damage to the cochlea or auditory nerve which prevents the inner ear from delivering hearing perception messages to the brain.

Conductive hearing loss is often temporary or can be medically treated. Sensorineural hearing loss is considered permanent. Treatment of sensorineural hearing loss typically involves the use of a hearing aid or hearing aids.

Hearing loss ranges from a slight decrease in the ability to hear to total deafness. Some definitions of hearing impairment include the fact that hearing loss can occur at any age. Hearing impairments can be present at birth or develop at any time during the individual’s lifetime. A definition of hearing loss may include the fact that hearing loss may start suddenly or develop gradually.

Definitions of hearing loss rarely mention any specific causes of hearing loss though a definition may include the fact that there are numerous possible causes. A definition of hearing impairment may not include signs or symptoms of hearing loss. Some detailed definitions of hearing loss may mention the possibility of the presence of tinnitus. Tinnitus is a ringing in the ears or another sound that is not in the individual’s environment.

If a definition is specifically focused on hearing loss in children, the definition may mention that hearing loss in children may negatively impact speech development. Another basic fact about hearing loss in children that may be included in a definition is that the most common cause of hearing loss in children is ear infections.

Information on hearing tests and treatments are rarely included in definitions of hearing impairment. General information about hearing tests and treatment can be found in many articles on hearing loss.